CVE-2026-50721
HIGHDescription
Libreswan, via the function RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_raw_rsa(), did not correctly verify the length of the authentication hash when the SIG payload of an IKEv1 packet was encoded using PKCS #1 RSA Encryption as per RFC 2313. A remote attacker can use a variation on the Bleichenbacher attack to forge the SIG payload when small public exponents are being used (e.g., e=3), which could lead to impersonation. Additionally, a remote attacker, by encoding a shorter than expected hash in the SIG payload, could trigger an assertion leading to denial-of-service. The daemon aborts and restarts; continued exploitation causes sustained denial of service. Remote code execution is not possible. X.509 certificate verifications of remote IKE peers are not affected.
How to fix
This vulnerability affects an unusually large number of packages. The highest-confidence fixes are shown above; the full list is longer. Check the referenced advisories for complete coverage.
TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works
Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.
CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploit Intelligence
Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 32% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-347 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2018-16042 | Medium | 6.5 | 82% | - | - |
| CVE-2025-59718 | Critical | 9.8 | 69% | KEV | Fix |
| CVE-2025-25292 | Critical | 9.8 | 65% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2021-22160 | Critical | 9.8 | 53% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2013-3900 | Medium | 5.5 | 45% | KEV | - |
| CVE-2018-0114 | High | 7.5 | 43% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2026-50721?
Published advisories record a fix for 11 affected products. The "How to fix" section on this page lists the fixed version and source advisory for each one, so apply the entry matching what you actually run.
Is CVE-2026-50721 being actively exploited?
Not that we know of. CVE-2026-50721 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.39% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 32% of all scored CVEs.
How severe is CVE-2026-50721?
CVE-2026-50721 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.1, rated important. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
What does CVE-2026-50721 affect?
Published advisories record a fix for libreswan (Debian), libreswan (Red Hat / RHEL), libreswan (Rocky), libreswan-debuginfo (Rocky), and 7 more. Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-07-09.