CVE-2025-25292
CRITICALEPSS 99th pctlDescription
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 contain a patch for the issue.
CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploit Intelligence
Very high risk: more likely to be exploited than 99% of all known CVEs.
References
- https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released
- https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials
- https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9
- https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97
- https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4
- https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0
- https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-754f-8gm6-c4r2
- https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv
- https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins
- https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-329_GHSL-2024-330_ruby-saml
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html
- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0009/
Find and fix vulnerabilities across your fleet
TridentStack Control continuously scans your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet for known vulnerabilities, prioritizes them by severity and active exploitation, and patches them automatically.
Start freeThis product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-11-03.