CVE-2026-40159
MEDIUMDescription
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI’s MCP (Model Context Protocol) integration allows spawning background servers via stdio using user-supplied command strings (e.g., MCP("npx -y @smithery/cli ...")). These commands are executed through Python’s subprocess module. By default, the implementation forwards the entire parent process environment to the spawned subprocess. As a result, any MCP command executed in this manner inherits all environment variables from the host process, including sensitive data such as API keys, authentication tokens, and database credentials. This behavior introduces a security risk when untrusted or third-party commands are used. In common scenarios where MCP tools are invoked via package runners such as npx -y, arbitrary code from external or potentially compromised packages may execute with access to these inherited environment variables. This creates a risk of unintended credential exposure and enables potential supply chain attacks through silent exfiltration of secrets. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.
How to fix
TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works
Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.
CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Exploit Intelligence
Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 8% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-200 (Information Exposure) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2024-24919 | High | 8.6 | 100% | KEV + Ransom | - |
| CVE-2020-14181 | Medium | 5.3 | 100% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2021-34429 | Medium | 5.3 | 99% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2018-11409 | Medium | 5.3 | 98% | - | - |
| CVE-2021-41277 | Critical | 10.0 | 97% | KEV | - |
| CVE-2016-2183 | High | 7.5 | 96% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2026-40159?
Upgrade praisonai to 4.5.128 or later.
Is CVE-2026-40159 being actively exploited?
Not that we know of. CVE-2026-40159 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.18% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 8% of all scored CVEs.
How severe is CVE-2026-40159?
CVE-2026-40159 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5, rated medium. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
What does CVE-2026-40159 affect?
Published advisories record a fix for praisonai (NVD). Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.
Embed a live status badge for CVE-2026-40159
Markdown
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TridentStack Control continuously scans your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet for known vulnerabilities, prioritizes them by severity and active exploitation, and patches them automatically.
This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-04-20.