CVE-2026-59989

CRITICAL

9.2

CVSS v4

Description

Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. In 5.15.0 and earlier, resolveFilter in phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep builds the join filter by inserting the raw separator and array token values into generated PHP without passing them through expression(). An attacker who can influence Volt template source can place quote-breaking content in a join argument, inject PHP into the compiled cache file, and execute it when Phalcon\Mvc\View\Engine\Volt::render() loads the template. This issue is fixed in version 5.16.0.

CWE-94Code Injection CWE-1336

How to fix

Remediation Available

phalcon/cphalconPackagist (PHP)

Fixed in:5.16.0GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8

TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v4 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork

Attack ComplexityLow

Privileges RequiredNone

User InteractionNone

Impact

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Exploit Intelligence

0.31%probability of exploitation in 30 days

24thpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 24% of all known CVEs.

References

Other references4

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-94 (Code Injection) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVE	Severity	CVSS	EPSS	Exploited	Fix
CVE-2017-9841	Critical	9.8	100%	KEV	Fix
CVE-2015-1635	Critical	9.8	100%	KEV	-
CVE-2022-22954	Critical	9.8	100%	KEV + Ransom	-
CVE-2025-49704	High	8.8	100%	KEV + Ransom	Fix
CVE-2025-3248	Critical	9.8	100%	KEV + Ransom	Fix
CVE-2021-22204	Medium	6.8	100%	KEV	Fix

Common questions

How do I fix CVE-2026-59989?

Upgrade phalcon/cphalcon to 5.16.0 or later.

Is CVE-2026-59989 being actively exploited?

Not that we know of. CVE-2026-59989 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.31% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 24% of all scored CVEs.

How severe is CVE-2026-59989?

CVE-2026-59989 has a CVSS v4 base score of 9.2, rated critical. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.

What does CVE-2026-59989 affect?

Published advisories record a fix for phalcon/cphalcon (Packagist (PHP)). Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-08-27.