CVE-2026-29645
HIGHDescription
NEMU (OpenXiangShan/NEMU) before v2025.12.r2 contains an improper instruction-validation flaw in its RISC-V Vector (RVV) decoder. The decoder does not correctly validate the funct3 field when decoding vsetvli/vsetivli/vsetvl, allowing certain invalid OP-V instruction encodings to be misinterpreted and executed as vset* configuration instructions rather than raising an illegal-instruction exception. This can be exploited by providing crafted RISC-V binaries to cause incorrect trap behavior, architectural state corruption/divergence, and potential denial of service in systems that rely on NEMU for correct execution or sandboxing.
How to fix
No published remediation has been found for this vulnerability's affected products yet.
Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.
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CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Exploit Intelligence
Moderate risk: more likely to be exploited than 42% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-131 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2023-36824 | High | 7.4 | 77% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2020-8450 | High | 7.3 | 72% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2020-6113 | High | 7.8 | 69% | - | - |
| CVE-2026-42945 | Critical | 8.1 | 61% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2020-6116 | High | 7.8 | 28% | - | - |
| CVE-2005-3120 | Critical | 9.8 | 23% | - | Fix |
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-04-24.