CVE-2026-18477
MEDIUMDescription
A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability in GNU tar's incremental dumpdir 'X' rename handling allows a local attacker with write access to a directory being backed up to influence the restore process if the attacker has access to the system where the restore is being performed. During restoration, files or directories may be created, renamed or overwritten outside the intended extraction directory. This could lead to unauthorized file modification or, in some cases, privilege escalation. Exploitation does not require the attacker to modify or craft the archive, and standard backup and restore workflows—including extracting into a newly created directory without using the -P option do not mitigate the issue.
How to fix
No published remediation has been found for this vulnerability's affected products yet.
Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.
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CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Exploit Intelligence
EPSS data unavailable for this CVE.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-367 (TOCTOU Race Condition) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-36980 | High | 8.1 | 83% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2024-30088 | High | 7.0 | 68% | KEV + Ransom | Fix |
| CVE-2004-0594 | Medium | 5.1 | 55% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2024-50379 | Critical | 9.8 | 44% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2023-38146 | High | 8.8 | 39% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2024-0132 | Critical | 9.0 | 37% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2026-18477?
No published fix for CVE-2026-18477 has been found yet. Check the linked vendor advisories for guidance as it becomes available.
How severe is CVE-2026-18477?
CVE-2026-18477 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.4, rated medium. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-08-03.