CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-5878

HIGH
7.3
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

A vulnerability was found in ESAPI esapi-java-legacy and classified as problematic. This issue affects the interface Encoder.encodeForSQL of the SQL Injection Defense. An attack leads to an improper neutralization of special elements. The attack may be initiated remotely and an exploit has been disclosed to the public. The project was contacted early about this issue and handled it with an exceptional level of professionalism. Upgrading to version 2.7.0.0 is able to address this issue. Commit ID f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512 is disabling the feature by default and any attempt to use it will trigger a warning. And commit ID e2322914304d9b1c52523ff24be495b7832f6a56 is updating the misleading Java class documentation to warn about the risks.

CWE-20Improper Input ValidationCWE-138

How to fix

Remediation Available
libowasp-esapi-javaDebian
Fixed in:2.4.0.0-0+deb11u1CVE-2025-5878
libowasp-esapi-javaUbuntu
Fixed in:2.1.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.1.0-3ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.1.0-3ubuntu0.20.04.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.2.3.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.4.0.0-2ubuntu0.1USN-8181-1
libowasp-esapi-java-docUbuntu
Fixed in:2.1.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.1.0-3ubuntu0.18.04.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.1.0-3ubuntu0.20.04.1~esm1USN-8181-1
Fixed in:2.2.3.1-1ubuntu0.1~esm1USN-8181-1

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Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredNone
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityLow
IntegrityLow
AvailabilityLow

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Exploit Intelligence

0.40%probability of exploitation in 30 days
32ndpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 32% of all known CVEs.

References

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2024-3400Critical10.0100%KEV + Ransom-
CVE-2021-45105Medium5.9100%-Fix
CVE-2021-44228Critical10.0100%KEV + RansomFix
CVE-2021-21985Critical9.8100%KEV + RansomFix
CVE-2018-7600Critical9.8100%KEV + RansomFix
CVE-2020-3452High7.5100%KEVFix
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-04-29.