CVE-2025-31123
HIGHDescription
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
How to fix
TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works
Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.
CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Exploit Intelligence
Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 30% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-324 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-35401 | High | 8.1 | 21% | - | - |
| CVE-2024-36031 | Critical | 9.8 | 0.7% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2019-3790 | Medium | 6.1 | 0.7% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2022-2447 | Medium | 6.6 | 0.6% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2021-33020 | High | 8.2 | 0.6% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2022-24732 | Medium | 6.3 | 0.4% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2025-31123?
Upgrade zitadel to 2.71.6 or later.
Is CVE-2025-31123 being actively exploited?
Not that we know of. CVE-2025-31123 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.37% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 30% of all scored CVEs.
How severe is CVE-2025-31123?
CVE-2025-31123 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.7, rated high. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
What does CVE-2025-31123 affect?
Published advisories record a fix for zitadel (NVD). Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.
Embed a live status badge for CVE-2025-31123
Markdown
[](https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2025-31123)HTML
<a href="https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2025-31123"><img src="https://tridentstack.com/cve/badge/CVE-2025-31123.svg" alt="CVE-2025-31123"></a>Find and fix vulnerabilities across your fleet
TridentStack Control continuously scans your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet for known vulnerabilities, prioritizes them by severity and active exploitation, and patches them automatically.
This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-08-26.