CVE-2025-12977
HIGHDescription
Fluent Bit in_http, in_splunk, and in_elasticsearch input plugins fail to sanitize tag_key inputs. An attacker with network access or the ability to write records into Splunk or Elasticsearch can supply tag_key values containing special characters such as newlines or ../ that are treated as valid tags. Because tags influence routing and some outputs derive filenames or contents from tags, this can allow newline injection, path traversal, forged record injection, or log misrouting, impacting data integrity and log routing.
How to fix
No published remediation has been found for this vulnerability's affected products yet.
Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.
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CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L/E:U
Exploit Intelligence
Moderate risk: more likely to be exploited than 51% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-1287 (Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2024-4879 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV | - |
| CVE-2022-31007 | Medium | 4.9 | 27% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2024-6298 | Critical | 10.0 | 19% | - | - |
| CVE-2026-25639 | High | 7.5 | 2.7% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2021-43802 | Critical | 9.9 | 2.0% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2026-5946 | High | 7.5 | 1.9% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2025-12977?
No published fix for CVE-2025-12977 has been found yet. Check the linked vendor advisories for guidance as it becomes available.
Is CVE-2025-12977 being actively exploited?
Not that we know of. CVE-2025-12977 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.73% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 51% of all scored CVEs.
How severe is CVE-2025-12977?
CVE-2025-12977 has a CVSS v3 base score of 8.3, rated important. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-11-28.