CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2023-48238

HIGH
7.5
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

joaquimserafim/json-web-token is a javascript library use to interact with JSON Web Tokens (JWT) which are a compact URL-safe means of representing claims to be transferred between two parties. Versions prior to 4.0.0 are vulnerable to a JWT algorithm confusion attack. On line 86 of the 'index.js' file, the algorithm to use for verifying the signature of the JWT token is taken from the JWT token, which at that point is still unverified and thus shouldn't be trusted. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs to craft a malicious JWT token containing the HS256 algorithm, signed with the public RSA key of the victim application. This attack will only work against this library is the RS256 algorithm is in use, however it is a best practice to use that algorithm. Version 4.0.0 fixes the issue.

How to fix

Remediation Available
json web tokenNVD
Affected:< 3.1.1Fixed in:3.1.1CVE-2023-48238derived from NVD

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredNone
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityNone

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Exploit Intelligence

0.31%probability of exploitation in 30 days
22ndpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 22% of all known CVEs.

References

Exploit1
Other references1

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-345 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2023-38831High7.898%KEV + RansomFix
CVE-2016-4553High8.680%-Fix
CVE-2016-4554High8.639%-Fix
CVE-2023-35719Medium6.826%--
CVE-2022-26871Critical9.820%KEV-
CVE-2014-4936High9.317%--
Embed a live status badge for CVE-2023-48238
CVE-2023-48238 severity badge

Markdown

[![CVE-2023-48238](https://tridentstack.com/cve/badge/CVE-2023-48238.svg)](https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2023-48238)

HTML

<a href="https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2023-48238"><img src="https://tridentstack.com/cve/badge/CVE-2023-48238.svg" alt="CVE-2023-48238"></a>

Find and fix vulnerabilities across your fleet

TridentStack Control continuously scans your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet for known vulnerabilities, prioritizes them by severity and active exploitation, and patches them automatically.

Start free

This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-06-09.