CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2023-41991

MEDIUMCISA KEVEPSS 91th pctl
5.5
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

A certificate validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7. A malicious app may be able to bypass signature validation. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.

How to fix

Remediation Available
ipadosNVD
Affected:< 16.7Fixed in:16.7CVE-2023-41991derived from NVD
iphone osNVD
Affected:< 16.7Fixed in:16.7CVE-2023-41991derived from NVD
macosNVD
Affected:>= 13.0, < 13.6Fixed in:13.6CVE-2023-41991derived from NVD

TridentStack Control can deploy fixes like this automatically across your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet. See how it works

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredNone
User InteractionRequired
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityNone

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Exploit Intelligence

4.55%probability of exploitation in 30 days
91stpercentile

High risk: more likely to be exploited than 91% of all known CVEs.

Known Exploited Vulnerability (CISA KEV)

Apple Multiple Products Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and watchOS contain an improper certificate validation vulnerability that can allow a malicious app to bypass signature validation.

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Remediation due: 2023-10-16

References

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-295 (Improper Certificate Validation) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2015-4000Low3.7100%-Fix
CVE-2020-0601High8.189%KEVFix
CVE-2009-3555Critical9.887%-Fix
CVE-2022-26923High8.883%KEVFix
CVE-2023-27823Critical9.853%--
CVE-2022-42979High8.824%--

Common questions

How do I fix CVE-2023-41991?

Published advisories record a fix for 3 affected products. The "How to fix" section on this page lists the fixed version and source advisory for each one, so apply the entry matching what you actually run.

Is CVE-2023-41991 being actively exploited?

Yes. CVE-2023-41991 is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, which means exploitation has been observed in the wild. US federal agencies were required to remediate it by 2023-10-16. Treat it as a priority whatever its CVSS score says.

How severe is CVE-2023-41991?

CVE-2023-41991 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5, rated medium. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.

What does CVE-2023-41991 affect?

Published advisories record a fix for ipados (NVD), iphone os (NVD), macos (NVD). Only products with a sourced advisory are listed, so treat this as what we can cite rather than a complete inventory.

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-11-05.