Is CVE-2023-41991 in the CISA KEV catalog?

Yes. CVE-2023-41991 is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list, added 2023-09-25.

What is the CVSS severity of CVE-2023-41991?

CVE-2023-41991 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (MEDIUM).

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-41991?

CVE-2023-41991 has an EPSS score of 4.55% (90th percentile), estimating the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2023-41991

MEDIUMCISA KEVEPSS 90th pctl

5.5

CVSS v3

NVD

Description

A certificate validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7. A malicious app may be able to bypass signature validation. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.

CWE-295Improper Certificate Validation

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal

Attack ComplexityLow

Privileges RequiredNone

User InteractionRequired

ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone

IntegrityHigh

AvailabilityNone

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Exploit Intelligence

4.55%probability of exploitation in 30 days

90thpercentile

High risk: more likely to be exploited than 90% of all known CVEs.

Known Exploited Vulnerability (CISA KEV)

Apple Multiple Products Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and watchOS contain an improper certificate validation vulnerability that can allow a malicious app to bypass signature validation.

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Remediation due: 2023-10-16

References

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-11-05.