CVE-2023-28461
CRITICALCISA KEVEPSS 99th pctlDescription
Array Networks Array AG Series and vxAG (9.4.0.481 and earlier) allow remote code execution. An attacker can browse the filesystem on the SSL VPN gateway using a flags attribute in an HTTP header without authentication. The product could then be exploited through a vulnerable URL. The 2023-03-09 vendor advisory stated "a new Array AG release with the fix will be available soon."
How to fix
Actively exploited, no published fix found yet
CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Federal remediation due: 2024-12-16
Known ransomware campaign use
Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.
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CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Exploit Intelligence
Very high risk: more likely to be exploited than 99% of all known CVEs.
Array Networks AG and vxAG ArrayOS Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability
Array Networks AG and vxAG ArrayOS contain a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability that allows an attacker to read local files and execute code on the SSL VPN gateway.
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Remediation due: 2024-12-16
Associated with ransomware campaigns
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2023-35082 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV + Ransom | Fix |
| CVE-2023-35078 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV + Ransom | Fix |
| CVE-2017-7921 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV | - |
| CVE-2024-7593 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV | - |
| CVE-2023-46805 | High | 8.2 | 100% | KEV + Ransom | - |
| CVE-2022-40684 | Critical | 9.8 | 100% | KEV + Ransom | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2023-28461?
No published fix for CVE-2023-28461 has been found yet. It is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list; federal agencies must remediate by 2024-12-16. Apply the vendor's mitigations per CISA's guidance.
Is CVE-2023-28461 being actively exploited?
Yes. CVE-2023-28461 is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, which means exploitation has been observed in the wild. CISA has also linked it to known ransomware campaigns. US federal agencies were required to remediate it by 2024-12-16. Treat it as a priority whatever its CVSS score says.
How severe is CVE-2023-28461?
CVE-2023-28461 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8, rated critical. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-08-05.