CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2026-59694

HIGH
8.3
CVSS v4
NVD

Description

Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to inflate the fee-payer's gas cost per payment by a large multiplier, degrading the sponsor's operating margin. When the mpp Elixir library is configured as fee payer (fee_payer: true), MPP.Tempo.Transaction.cosign_fee_payer/3 re-signs the client-supplied base fields of the 0x76 AASigned envelope verbatim, including the EIP-2930 access list, without validating its length or contents. EIP-2930 access list entries incur intrinsic gas (~2,400 gas per address, plus 1,900 gas per storage key) charged before any opcode executes, regardless of whether the listed addresses are ever touched. A malicious client submits a valid transferWithMemo call alongside a large number of fabricated access-list entries. The server co-signs and broadcasts the transaction. The intended transfer executes normally, but the fee-payer wallet pays a large multiple of the expected gas cost with no corresponding on-chain work. At the maintainer's default of 137 access-list entries (fitting within Bandit's 10,000-byte per-header-field limit) and 100 Gwei max_fee_per_gas, per-payment gas cost rises from ~51,287 to ~380,087 gas, a 7.4x multiplier. Sustained abuse destroys the sponsor's operating margin on low-cost payments and, over time, drains the fee-payer wallet. This issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.0.

How to fix

No published remediation has been found for this vulnerability's affected products yet.

Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.

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CVSS v4 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredNone
User InteractionNone

Impact

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Exploit Intelligence

0.52%probability of exploitation in 30 days
42ndpercentile

Moderate risk: more likely to be exploited than 42% of all known CVEs.

References

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-1284 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2022-20699Critical10.072%KEV-
CVE-2021-43267Critical9.858%-Fix
CVE-2022-31629Medium6.549%-Fix
CVE-2025-9316Unscored-36%--
CVE-2022-36620High7.523%--
CVE-2008-1440High7.123%--

Common questions

How do I fix CVE-2026-59694?

No published fix for CVE-2026-59694 has been found yet. Check the linked vendor advisories for guidance as it becomes available.

Is CVE-2026-59694 being actively exploited?

Not that we know of. CVE-2026-59694 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.52% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 42% of all scored CVEs.

How severe is CVE-2026-59694?

CVE-2026-59694 has a CVSS v4 base score of 8.3, rated high. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-07-17.