Is CVE-2026-40342 in the CISA KEV catalog?

No. CVE-2026-40342 is not currently on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list.

What is the CVSS severity of CVE-2026-40342?

CVE-2026-40342 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.9 (CRITICAL).

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2026-40342?

CVE-2026-40342 has an EPSS score of 0.69% (48th percentile), estimating the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2026-40342

CRITICAL

9.9

CVSS v3

NVD

Description

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CWE-22Path Traversal CWE-73External Control of File Name or Path CWE-94Code Injection CWE-427

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork

Attack ComplexityLow

Privileges RequiredLow

User InteractionNone

ScopeChanged

Impact

ConfidentialityHigh

IntegrityHigh

AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

0.69%probability of exploitation in 30 days

48thpercentile

Moderate risk: more likely to be exploited than 48% of all known CVEs.

References

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-04-27.