CVE-2025-56301
HIGHDescription
An issue was discovered in Chipsalliance Rocket-Chip commit f517abbf41abb65cea37421d3559f9739efd00a9 (2025-01-29) allowing attackers to corrupt exception handling and privilege state transitions via a flawed interaction between exception handling and MRET return mechanisms in the CSR logic when an exception is triggered during MRET execution. The Control and Status Register (CSR) logic has a flawed interaction between exception handling and exception return (MRET) mechanisms which can cause faulty trap behavior. When the MRET instruction is executed in machine mode without being in an exception state, an Instruction Access Fault may be triggered. This results in both the exception handling logic and the exception return logic activating simultaneously, leading to conflicting updates to the control and status registers.
How to fix
No published remediation has been found for this vulnerability's affected products yet.
Mitigation guidance may be in the linked vendor advisories in the References section below.
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CVSS v3 Vector
Exploitability
Impact
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Exploit Intelligence
Moderate risk: more likely to be exploited than 45% of all known CVEs.
References
Related Vulnerabilities
Other CWE-1281 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | EPSS | Exploited | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2023-23583 | High | 8.8 | 1.7% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2023-46103 | Medium | 4.7 | 0.3% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2024-37020 | Low | 3.8 | 0.2% | - | Fix |
| CVE-2025-22840 | High | 7.4 | 0.1% | - | Fix |
Common questions
How do I fix CVE-2025-56301?
No published fix for CVE-2025-56301 has been found yet. Check the linked vendor advisories for guidance as it becomes available.
Is CVE-2025-56301 being actively exploited?
Not that we know of. CVE-2025-56301 is not in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score of 0.60% is the estimated probability that it will be exploited in the next 30 days. That is higher than 45% of all scored CVEs.
How severe is CVE-2025-56301?
CVE-2025-56301 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5, rated high. CVSS rates the technical impact if the vulnerability is exploited, not how likely that is, so weigh it alongside the exploit-prediction score when you decide what to patch first.
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-10-17.