Is CVE-2025-4166 in the CISA KEV catalog?

No. CVE-2025-4166 is not currently on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list.

What is the CVSS severity of CVE-2025-4166?

CVE-2025-4166 has a CVSS v3 base score of 4.5 (MEDIUM).

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2025-4166?

CVE-2025-4166 has an EPSS score of 0.34% (26th percentile), estimating the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-4166?

Upgrade Hashicorp Vault to 1.16.20 or later.

CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-4166

MEDIUM

4.5

CVSS v3

NVD

Description

Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.

CWE-209

How to fix

Remediation Available

Hashicorp VaultWindows application

Affected:0.3.0 1.16.20Fixed in:1.16.20HashiCorp, Inc.

Affected:1.18.0 1.18.9Fixed in:1.18.9HashiCorp, Inc.

Affected:0.3.0 1.19.3Fixed in:1.19.3HashiCorp, Inc.

Affected:1.19.0 1.19.3Fixed in:1.19.3HashiCorp, Inc.

Affected:1.17.0 1.17.16Fixed in:1.17.16HashiCorp, Inc.

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorNetwork

Attack ComplexityLow

Privileges RequiredHigh

User InteractionRequired

ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityHigh

IntegrityNone

AvailabilityNone

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Exploit Intelligence

0.34%probability of exploitation in 30 days

26thpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 26% of all known CVEs.

References

Vendor Advisory1

discuss.hashicorp.com

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-209 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVE	Severity	CVSS	EPSS	Exploited	Fix
CVE-2024-29059	High	7.5	99%	KEV	-
CVE-2021-22145	Medium	6.5	76%	-	-
CVE-2010-3332	Medium	6.4	67%	-	-
CVE-2025-62168	Critical	10.0	63%	-	Fix
CVE-2013-7331	Medium	6.5	58%	KEV	-
CVE-2025-47813	Medium	4.3	56%	KEV	Fix

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-12-31.