Is CVE-2025-39931 in the CISA KEV catalog?

No. CVE-2025-39931 is not currently on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list.

What is the CVSS severity of CVE-2025-39931?

CVE-2025-39931 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.5 (MEDIUM).

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2025-39931?

CVE-2025-39931 has an EPSS score of 0.14% (3th percentile), estimating the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-39931?

Upgrade linux on debian 12 to 6.1.158-1 or later. Fixes are available for 139 affected products.

CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-39931

MEDIUM

5.5

CVSS v3

NVD

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg If an error causes af_alg_sendmsg to abort, ctx->merge may contain a garbage value from the previous loop. This may then trigger a crash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do a merge that can't be done. Fix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop.

CWE-908

How to fix

Remediation Available

linuxDebian

Fixed in:6.1.158-1CVE-2025-39931

Fixed in:6.12.57-1CVE-2025-39931

Fixed in:6.16.9-1CVE-2025-39931

linuxUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-awsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-aws-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

linux-aws-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-azureUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1

linux-azure-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1

linux-azure-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1

linux-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-gcpUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-gcp-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-gkeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-gkeopUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1

linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-ibmUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-ibm-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1029-xilinxUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.30USN-8261-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1035-gkeopUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1047-oracleUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1047-oracle-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1048-gkeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1048-gke-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1049-ibmUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidiaUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1050-awsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1050-aws-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1050-aws-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-6.8.0-1050-raspiUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5

linux-image-6.8.0-1051-azureUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1052-azure-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcpUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcp-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcp-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-6.8.0-106-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-6.8.0-106-genericUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-106-generic-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-106-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-106-lowlatency-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-6.8.0-2040-raspi-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5

linux-image-6.8.1-1045-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3

linux-image-awsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

linux-image-aws-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-aws-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-aws-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-aws-fips-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-azureUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1

linux-image-azure-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1

linux-image-azure-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1

linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1

linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1

linux-image-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-fips-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-gcpUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-gcp-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-gcp-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-gcp-fipsUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-gcp-fips-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2

linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1

linux-image-genericUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-generic-lpaeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-gkeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-gke-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-gke-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1

linux-image-gkeopUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1

linux-image-gkeop-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1

linux-image-ibmUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-image-ibm-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-image-ibm-classicUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1

linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3

linux-image-intel-iotgUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-kvmUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatency-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-nvidiaUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-image-oem-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oem-22.04aUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oem-22.04bUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oem-22.04cUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oem-22.04dUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracleUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracle-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracle-64kUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-image-raspiUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5

linux-image-raspi-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5

linux-image-raspi-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5

linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5

linux-image-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3

linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3

linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3

linux-image-virtualUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-virtual-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1

linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-image-xilinxUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1

linux-image-xilinx-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1

linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1

linux-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1

linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-nvidiaUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1

linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1

linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1

linux-oracleUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1

linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1

linux-raspiUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5

linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5

linux-realtimeUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3

linux-realtime-6.8Ubuntu

Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3

linux-xilinxUbuntu

Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.30USN-8261-1

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal

Attack ComplexityLow

Privileges RequiredLow

User InteractionNone

ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone

IntegrityNone

AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

0.14%probability of exploitation in 30 days

3rdpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 3% of all known CVEs.

References

Patch5

Other references3

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-908 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVE	Severity	CVSS	EPSS	Exploited	Fix
CVE-2025-5777	High	7.5	100%	KEV + Ransom	Fix
CVE-2023-24941	Critical	9.8	95%	-	Fix
CVE-2007-1751	High	9.3	61%	-	-
CVE-2008-0081	Critical	9.8	58%	-	-
CVE-2020-1934	Medium	5.3	52%	-	Fix
CVE-2011-1255	High	9.3	42%	-	-

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-07-04.