CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-39871

HIGH
7.8
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free The call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a reference count underflow: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd] pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0 device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200 driver_detach+0x48/0x90 bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0 pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0 idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd] __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280 do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of idxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the following call path: idxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device() In addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may trigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is called immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free. Remove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and potential memory corruption during module unload.

How to fix

Remediation Available
linuxDebian
Fixed in:6.1.162-1CVE-2025-39871
Fixed in:6.12.48-1CVE-2025-39871
Fixed in:6.16.8-1CVE-2025-39871
linuxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-aws-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
linux-aws-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1
linux-azure-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1
linux-azure-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1
linux-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-gcp-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1
linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-ibm-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1029-xilinxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.30USN-8261-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1047-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1047-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1048-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1048-gke-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1049-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1049-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1050-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1050-aws-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1050-aws-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1050-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5
linux-image-6.8.0-1051-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1052-azure-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1052-gcp-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-6.8.0-106-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-6.8.0-106-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-106-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-106-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-106-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-6.8.0-2040-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5
linux-image-6.8.1-1045-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3
linux-image-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
linux-image-aws-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-aws-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1USN-8095-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-aws-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-aws-fips-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1
linux-image-azure-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1USN-8126-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1
linux-image-azure-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1
linux-image-azure-fips-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.58+fips1USN-8165-1
linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1051.57USN-8125-1
linux-image-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-fips-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-gcp-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-gcp-fipsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-gcp-fips-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55+fips1USN-8095-2
linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1052.55USN-8095-1
linux-image-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-generic-lpaeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-gke-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-gke-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-gke-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1048.53USN-8095-1
linux-image-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1
linux-image-gkeop-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-8095-1
linux-image-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-image-ibm-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-image-ibm-classicUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.49USN-8095-1
linux-image-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3
linux-image-intel-iotgUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-kvmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-image-oem-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oem-22.04aUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oem-22.04bUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oem-22.04cUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oem-22.04dUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracle-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-image-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5
linux-image-raspi-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5
linux-image-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5
linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5
linux-image-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3
linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3
linux-image-realtime-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3
linux-image-virtualUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-virtual-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106USN-8095-1
linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-image-xilinxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1
linux-image-xilinx-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1
linux-image-xilinx-zynqmpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0.1029.30USN-8261-1
linux-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1USN-8095-1
linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52USN-8100-1
linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1USN-8100-1
linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1049.52.1USN-8100-1
linux-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48USN-8095-1
linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1USN-8095-1
linux-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1050.54USN-8095-5
linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2040.41USN-8095-5
linux-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46USN-8095-3
linux-realtime-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1USN-8095-3
linux-xilinxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.30USN-8261-1

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredLow
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityHigh
IntegrityHigh
AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

0.14%probability of exploitation in 30 days
4thpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 4% of all known CVEs.

References

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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2026-01-11.