CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-21792

MEDIUM
5.5
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ax25: Fix refcount leak caused by setting SO_BINDTODEVICE sockopt If an AX25 device is bound to a socket by setting the SO_BINDTODEVICE socket option, a refcount leak will occur in ax25_release(). Commit 9fd75b66b8f6 ("ax25: Fix refcount leaks caused by ax25_cb_del()") added decrement of device refcounts in ax25_release(). In order for that to work correctly the refcounts must already be incremented when the device is bound to the socket. An AX25 device can be bound to a socket by either calling ax25_bind() or setting SO_BINDTODEVICE socket option. In both cases the refcounts should be incremented, but in fact it is done only in ax25_bind(). This bug leads to the following issue reported by Syzkaller: ================================================================ refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 5932 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x1ed/0x210 lib/refcount.c:31 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5932 Comm: syz-executor424 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc4-syzkaller-00110-g4099a71718b0 #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x1ed/0x210 lib/refcount.c:31 Call Trace: <TASK> __refcount_dec include/linux/refcount.h:336 [inline] refcount_dec include/linux/refcount.h:351 [inline] ref_tracker_free+0x710/0x820 lib/ref_tracker.c:236 netdev_tracker_free include/linux/netdevice.h:4156 [inline] netdev_put include/linux/netdevice.h:4173 [inline] netdev_put include/linux/netdevice.h:4169 [inline] ax25_release+0x33f/0xa10 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:1069 __sock_release+0xb0/0x270 net/socket.c:640 sock_close+0x1c/0x30 net/socket.c:1408 ... do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x250 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f ... </TASK> ================================================================ Fix the implementation of ax25_setsockopt() by adding increment of refcounts for the new device bound, and decrement of refcounts for the old unbound device.

How to fix

Remediation Available
linuxDebian
Fixed in:6.1.129-1CVE-2025-21792
Fixed in:6.12.16-1CVE-2025-21792
Fixed in:6.12.16-1CVE-2025-21792
linuxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-aws-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
linux-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-azure-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-azure-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
linux-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1022.23USN-7737-1
linux-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-gcp-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
linux-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.36USN-7703-4
linux-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1019.21USN-7703-2
linux-hwe-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-ibm-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33~22.04.1USN-7703-2
linux-image-6.11.0-1014-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1USN-7521-3
linux-image-6.11.0-1014-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1USN-7521-3
linux-image-6.11.0-1015-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1015-azure-fdeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1015-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1015-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1022-oemUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1022.22USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-26-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.11.0-26-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1019-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1019.21USN-7703-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1022-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1022.23USN-7737-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1032-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.36USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1032-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-6.8.0-1032-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-6.8.0-1033-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1034-azure-fdeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-aws-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1035-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.39USN-7703-4
linux-image-6.8.0-1036-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1036-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-6.8.0-2028-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2028.29USN-7719-1
linux-image-6.8.0-78-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.0-78-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.0-78-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.0-78-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-6.8.1-1030-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1030.31USN-7703-1
linux-image-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
linux-image-aws-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-aws-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
linux-image-aws-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-aws-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.37USN-7703-1
linux-image-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-azure-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-fdeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-azure-fde-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1USN-7737-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1034.39USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1022.23USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1022.23USN-7737-1
linux-image-azure-nvidia-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1022.23USN-7737-1
linux-image-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-gcp-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-gcp-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1036.38USN-7703-2
linux-image-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-generic-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-generic-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-image-generic-lpaeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.36USN-7703-4
linux-image-gke-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.36USN-7703-4
linux-image-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1019.21USN-7703-2
linux-image-gkeop-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1019.21USN-7703-2
linux-image-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-image-ibm-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33~22.04.1USN-7703-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-image-ibm-classicUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1033.33USN-7703-2
linux-image-kvmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1USN-7521-3
linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1USN-7521-3
linux-image-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-22.04aUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-22.04bUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-22.04cUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-22.04dUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-oem-24.04bUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1022.22USN-7521-1
linux-image-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
linux-image-oracle-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
linux-image-oracle-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-image-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.39USN-7703-4
linux-image-raspi-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.39USN-7703-4
linux-image-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2028.29USN-7719-1
linux-image-raspi-realtime-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2028.29USN-7719-1
linux-image-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1030.31USN-7703-1
linux-image-realtime-6.8.1Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1030.31USN-7703-1
linux-image-virtualUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-virtual-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78USN-7703-1
linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1USN-7521-1
linux-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1USN-7703-1
linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1USN-7521-3
linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-78.78.1~22.04.1USN-7703-1
linux-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38USN-7703-4
linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38~22.04.1USN-7703-4
linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.38.1USN-7703-4
linux-oem-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1022.22USN-7521-1
linux-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33USN-7703-3
linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1032.33~22.04.1USN-7703-3
linux-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1035.39USN-7703-4
linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2028.29USN-7719-1
linux-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1030.31USN-7703-1

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredLow
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone
IntegrityNone
AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

0.21%probability of exploitation in 30 days
12thpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 12% of all known CVEs.

References

Embed a live status badge for CVE-2025-21792
CVE-2025-21792 severity badge

Markdown

[![CVE-2025-21792](https://tridentstack.com/cve/badge/CVE-2025-21792.svg)](https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2025-21792)

HTML

<a href="https://tridentstack.com/cve/CVE-2025-21792"><img src="https://tridentstack.com/cve/badge/CVE-2025-21792.svg" alt="CVE-2025-21792"></a>

Find and fix vulnerabilities across your fleet

TridentStack Control continuously scans your Windows, macOS, and Linux fleet for known vulnerabilities, prioritizes them by severity and active exploitation, and patches them automatically.

Start free

This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-11-03.