CVE & CISA-KEV Catalog

CVE-2025-21654

MEDIUM
5.5
CVSS v3
NVD

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ovl: support encoding fid from inode with no alias Dmitry Safonov reported that a WARN_ON() assertion can be trigered by userspace when calling inotify_show_fdinfo() for an overlayfs watched inode, whose dentry aliases were discarded with drop_caches. The WARN_ON() assertion in inotify_show_fdinfo() was removed, because it is possible for encoding file handle to fail for other reason, but the impact of failing to encode an overlayfs file handle goes beyond this assertion. As shown in the LTP test case mentioned in the link below, failure to encode an overlayfs file handle from a non-aliased inode also leads to failure to report an fid with FAN_DELETE_SELF fanotify events. As Dmitry notes in his analyzis of the problem, ovl_encode_fh() fails if it cannot find an alias for the inode, but this failure can be fixed. ovl_encode_fh() seldom uses the alias and in the case of non-decodable file handles, as is often the case with fanotify fid info, ovl_encode_fh() never needs to use the alias to encode a file handle. Defer finding an alias until it is actually needed so ovl_encode_fh() will not fail in the common case of FAN_DELETE_SELF fanotify events.

How to fix

Remediation Available
linuxDebian
Fixed in:6.12.10-1CVE-2025-21654
Fixed in:6.12.10-1CVE-2025-21654
linuxUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31USN-7513-1
linux-aws-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31~22.04.1USN-7513-1
linux-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34USN-7513-3
linux-azure-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1USN-7513-3
linux-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1016.17USN-7522-1
linux-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32USN-7515-2
linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1USN-7515-2
linux-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1025.29USN-7515-1
linux-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1012.14USN-7515-2
linux-hwe-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1USN-7379-1
linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.26USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1USN-7381-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1011-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1USN-7381-1
linux-image-6.11.0-1017-oemUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1017.17USN-7382-1
linux-image-6.11.0-21-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1+1USN-7379-1
linux-image-6.11.0-21-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1+1USN-7379-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1012-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1012.14USN-7515-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1016-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1016.17USN-7522-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1025-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1025.29USN-7515-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1026-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.26USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1USN-7513-5
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1026-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1USN-7513-5
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31USN-7514-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31USN-7514-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-oemUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.28USN-7513-3
linux-image-6.8.0-1028-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.32USN-7524-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1029-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31~22.04.1USN-7513-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1USN-7513-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34USN-7513-3
linux-image-6.8.0-1029-azure-fdeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1USN-7513-3
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34USN-7513-3
linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1USN-7515-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32USN-7515-2
linux-image-6.8.0-1030-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1USN-7515-2
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32USN-7515-2
linux-image-6.8.0-2023-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2023.24USN-7523-1
linux-image-6.8.0-60-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-60-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1USN-7513-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.0-60-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1USN-7513-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-6.8.1-1022-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1022.23USN-7513-2
linux-image-awsUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31~22.04.1USN-7513-1
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31USN-7513-1
linux-image-aws-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.31USN-7513-1
linux-image-azureUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1USN-7513-3
linux-image-azure-fdeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1USN-7513-3
linux-image-azure-fde-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34USN-7513-3
linux-image-azure-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1029.34USN-7513-3
linux-image-azure-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1016.17USN-7522-1
linux-image-gcpUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1USN-7515-2
linux-image-gcp-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1USN-7515-2
linux-image-gcp-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32USN-7515-2
linux-image-gcp-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1030.32USN-7515-2
linux-image-genericUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-generic-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-generic-64k-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1USN-7379-1
linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-generic-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1USN-7379-1
linux-image-generic-lpaeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-gkeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1025.29USN-7515-1
linux-image-gkeopUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1012.14USN-7515-2
linux-image-gkeop-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1012.14USN-7515-2
linux-image-ibmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.26USN-7513-1
linux-image-ibm-classicUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.26USN-7513-1
linux-image-ibm-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.26USN-7513-1
linux-image-kvmUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-lowlatency-64k-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1USN-7381-1
linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1USN-7513-1
linux-image-lowlatency-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1USN-7381-1
linux-image-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-64k-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-64k-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-nvidia-lowlatency-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31.1USN-7514-1
linux-image-oem-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-oem-22.04aUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-oem-22.04bUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-oem-22.04cUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-oem-22.04dUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-oem-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.28USN-7513-3
linux-image-oem-24.04aUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.28USN-7513-3
linux-image-oem-24.04bUbuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1017.17USN-7382-1
linux-image-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1USN-7513-5
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-oracle-64kUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1USN-7513-5
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-oracle-64k-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-oracle-lts-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-image-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.32USN-7524-1
linux-image-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2023.24USN-7523-1
linux-image-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1022.23USN-7513-2
linux-image-virtualUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63USN-7513-1
linux-image-virtual-hwe-22.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1USN-7513-4
linux-image-virtual-hwe-24.04Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1USN-7379-1
linux-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1USN-7513-1
linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1USN-7381-1
linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1USN-7513-1
linux-nvidiaUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31USN-7514-1
linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1USN-7514-1
linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.31.1USN-7514-1
linux-oem-6.11Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.11.0-1017.17USN-7382-1
linux-oem-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.28USN-7513-3
linux-oracleUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27USN-7513-1
linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1USN-7513-5
linux-raspiUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-1028.32USN-7524-1
linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.0-2023.24USN-7523-1
linux-realtimeUbuntu
Fixed in:6.8.1-1022.23USN-7513-2

Remediation is compiled from vendor and distribution security advisories. Always confirm against the linked source for your exact version and platform.

CVSS v3 Vector

Exploitability

Attack VectorLocal
Attack ComplexityLow
Privileges RequiredLow
User InteractionNone
ScopeUnchanged

Impact

ConfidentialityNone
IntegrityNone
AvailabilityHigh

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Exploit Intelligence

0.20%probability of exploitation in 30 days
10thpercentile

Low risk: more likely to be exploited than 10% of all known CVEs.

References

Related Vulnerabilities

Other CWE-617 vulnerabilities, ordered by exploit likelihood. View all

CVESeverityCVSSEPSSExploitedFix
CVE-2020-8617High7.593%-Fix
CVE-2020-36222High7.578%-Fix
CVE-2006-5779High7.575%-Fix
CVE-2021-27212High7.564%-Fix
CVE-2018-5740High7.559%-Fix
CVE-2023-28425Medium5.555%-Fix
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This product uses NVD data but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS scores courtesy of FIRST.org (https://www.first.org/epss). Source: CISA KEV Catalog. Data as of 2025-09-26.